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Symposium · Quotations201 plates · 107 voices

The Quotation Cabinet

One line from the source under every plate, in the words of a public-domain translation or the original; a line marked “quoted under fair use” comes from a work still in copyright. Follow a line to its plate, or to a free copy of the work.

Jane Addams

Al-Ghazali

  • “I owed my deliverance, not to a concatenation of proofs and arguments, but to the light which God caused to penetrate into my heart—the light which illuminates the threshold of all knowledge.”

    Deliverance from Error

Dante Alighieri

Anaxagoras

Thomas Aquinas

Hannah Arendt

  • “They were, and still are, terribly and terrifyingly normal.”

    Eichmann in Jerusalem · quoted under fair use

Aristotle

Marcus Aurelius

  • “Accept then, and be pleased with whatsoever doth happen, though otherwise harsh and un-pleasing, as tending to that end, to the health and welfare of the universe, and to Jove's happiness and prosperity.”

    Meditations
  • “It is in thy power to retire into thyself, and to be at rest, and free from all businesses. A man cannot any whither retire better than to his own soul.”

    Meditations
  • “Whatsoever thou dost affect, whatsoever thou dost project, so do, and so project all, as one who, for aught thou knowest, may at this very present depart out of this life.”

    Meditations
  • “The mind doth turn and convert any impediment whatsoever, to be her aim and purpose. So that what before was the impediment, is now the principal object of her working; and that which before was in her way, is now her readiest way.”

    Meditations
  • “From some high place as it were to look down, and to behold here flocks, and there sacrifices, without number; and all kind of navigation; some in a rough and stormy sea, and some in a calm.”

    Meditations

Francis Bacon

  • “Four species of idols beset the human mind, to which (for distinction's sake) we have assigned names, calling the first Idols of the Tribe, the second Idols of the Den, the third Idols of the Market, the fourth Idols of the Theatre.”

    Novum Organum

Simone de Beauvoir

Clive Bell

Jeremy Bentham

  • “Nature has placed mankind under the governance of two sovereign masters, pain and pleasure. It is for them alone to point out what we ought to do, as well as to determine what we shall do.”

    An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation

George Berkeley

  • “Their esse is percipi, nor is it possible they should have any existence out of the minds or thinking things which perceive them.”

    A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge

William Blake

Boethius

  • “This is my art, this the game I never cease to play. I turn the wheel that spins. I delight to see the high come down and the low ascend.”

    The Consolation of Philosophy

Buddha

Edmund Burke

  • “Whatever is fitted in any sort to excite the ideas of pain and danger...is a source of the sublime; that is, it is productive of the strongest emotion which the mind is capable of feeling.”

    A Philosophical Enquiry into the Sublime and Beautiful

Albert Camus

Lewis Carroll

Miguel de Cervantes

Andy Clark and David Chalmers

Cleanthes

Samuel Taylor Coleridge

  • “Fancy, on the contrary, has no other counters to play with, but fixities and definites. The fancy is indeed no other than a mode of memory emancipated from the order of time and space.”

    Biographia Literaria

Confucius

René Descartes

  • “I may lay this down as a principle, that whenever this sentence I am, I exist, is spoken or thought of by me, it is necessarily true.”

    Meditations on First Philosophy
  • “They could never use words or other signs arranged in such a manner as is competent to us in order to declare our thoughts to others.”

    Discourse on the Method
  • “Because on this side I have a clear and distinct idea of my self, as I am only a thinking thing, not extended; and on the other side because I have a distinct idea of my body, as it is only an extended thing, not thinking, it is from hence certain, that I am really distinct from my body.”

    Meditations on First Philosophy
  • “I will suppose, not an infinitely perfect God, the fountain of truth, but that some evil spirit which is very powerful and crafty has used all his endeavours to deceive me.”

    Meditations on First Philosophy

John Dewey

  • “The enemies of the aesthetic are neither the practical nor the intellectual.”

    Art as Experience · quoted under fair use
  • “Active, persistent, and careful consideration of any belief or supposed form of knowledge in the light of the grounds that support it, and the further conclusions to which it tends, constitutes reflective thought.”

    How We Think
  • “Regarded as an idea, democracy is not an alternative to other principles of associated life. It is the idea of community life itself.”

    The Public and Its Problems
  • “The task of future philosophy is to clarify men's ideas as to the social and moral strifes of their own day...Philosophy which surrenders its somewhat barren monopoly of dealings with Ultimate and Absolute Reality will find a compensation in enlightening the moral forces which move mankind.”

    Reconstruction in Philosophy

Fyodor Dostoevsky

Ecclesiastes

Zeno of Elea

  • “Achilles will never overtake the tortoise. He must first reach the place from which the tortoise started. By that time the tortoise will have got some way ahead.”

    reported in Aristotle's Physics
  • “The arrow in flight is at rest. For, if everything is at rest when it occupies a space equal to itself, and what is in flight at any given moment always occupies a space equal to itself, it cannot move.”

    reported in Aristotle's Physics

Ralph Waldo Emerson

Empedocles

  • “Hear first the four roots of all things: shining Zeus, life-bringing Hera, Aidoneus, and Nestis whose tear-drops are a well-spring to mortals.”

    On Nature

Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels

Epictetus

Epicurus

Ludwig Feuerbach

Philippa Foot

Edmund Gettier

Martin Heidegger

  • “Death reveals itself as that possibility which is one's ownmost.”

    Being and Time · quoted under fair use

Carl Hempel

  • “The impression of a paradoxical situation is not objectively founded.”

    Studies in the Logic of Confirmation · quoted under fair use

Heraclitus

Augustine of Hippo

Thomas Hobbes

  • “In such condition, there is no place for Industry... no Society; and which is worst of all, continuall feare, and danger of violent death; And the life of man, solitary, poore, nasty, brutish, and short.”

    Leviathan
  • “Life is but a motion of limbs, the beginning whereof is in some principal part within; why may we not say, that all automata have an artificial life?”

    Leviathan

David Hume

  • “They are nothing but a bundle or collection of different perceptions, which succeed each other with an inconceivable rapidity, and are in a perpetual flux and movement.”

    A Treatise of Human Nature
  • “No testimony is sufficient to establish a miracle, unless the testimony be of such a kind, that its falsehood would be more miraculous, than the fact, which it endeavours to establish.”

    An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding
  • “EPICURUS's old questions are yet unanswered. Is he willing to prevent evil, but not able? then is he impotent. Is he able, but not willing? then is he malevolent. Is he both able and willing? whence then is evil?”

    Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion
  • “All inferences from experience suppose, as their foundation, that the future will resemble the past, and that similar powers will be conjoined with similar sensible qualities.”

    An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding

Frank Jackson

  • “She knows all the physical facts about us and our environment.”

    Epiphenomenal Qualia · quoted under fair use

William James

Book of Job

Samuel Johnson

Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.

Franz Kafka

Immanuel Kant

Søren Kierkegaard

  • “The thing of supreme importance is to be rid of the crowd; for the effect of the crowd is to hamstring the whole cause by robbing it of its seriousness while heartfelt sympathy is pretended.”

    The Present Moment
  • “The movement of faith must ever be made by virtue of the absurd, but, note well, in such wise that one does not lose the things of this world but wholly and entirely regains them.”

    Fear and Trembling
  • “My melancholy is the most faithful sweetheart I have had—no wonder that I return the love!”

    Either/Or

Krishna, in the Bhagavad Gita

Thomas Kuhn

  • “The proponents of competing paradigms practice their trades in different worlds.”

    The Structure of Scientific Revolutions · quoted under fair use

Diogenes Laertius

  • “He had such a high reputation as a dialectician, that most people thought that if there were such a science as dialectics among the Gods, it would be in no respect different from that of Chrysippus.”

    Lives of Eminent Philosophers
  • “He was the first philosopher who spoke of atoms as principles.”

    Lives of Eminent Philosophers
  • “You have what you have not lost. You have not lost horns, therefore you have horns.”

    Lives of Eminent Philosophers
  • “Zeno was the first writer who, in his treatise on the Nature of Man, said, that the chief good was confessedly to live according to nature; which is to live according to virtue, for nature leads us to this point.”

    Lives of Eminent Philosophers

Laozi

  • “There is nothing in the world more soft and weak than water, and yet for attacking things that are firm and strong there is nothing that can take precedence of it.”

    Tao Te Ching
  • “The Tao that can be trodden is not the enduring and unchanging Tao. The name that can be named is not the enduring and unchanging name.”

    Tao Te Ching
  • “The unwrought material, when divided and distributed, forms vessels. The sage, when employed, becomes the Head of all the Officers of government; and in his greatest regulations he employs no violent measures.”

    Tao Te Ching
  • “The Tao in its regular course does nothing (for the sake of doing it), and so there is nothing which it does not do.”

    Tao Te Ching

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz

John Locke

  • “Men being, as has been said, by nature, all free, equal, and independent, no one can be put out of this estate, and subjected to the political power of another, without his own consent.”

    Second Treatise of Government
  • “Thus labour, in the beginning, gave a right of property, wherever any one was pleased to employ it upon what was common, which remained a long while the far greater part, and is yet more than mankind makes use of.”

    Second Treatise of Government
  • “It being the same consciousness that makes a man be himself to himself, personal identity depends on that only.”

    An Essay Concerning Human Understanding
  • “The ideas of primary qualities of bodies are resemblances of them, and their patterns do really exist in the bodies themselves, but the ideas produced in us by these secondary qualities have no resemblance of them at all.”

    An Essay Concerning Human Understanding
  • “Let us then suppose the mind to be, as we say, white paper, void of all characters, without any ideas.”

    An Essay Concerning Human Understanding

Longinus

Niccolò Machiavelli

  • “It may be answered that one should wish to be both, but, because it is difficult to unite them in one person, it is much safer to be feared than loved.”

    The Prince
  • “A prince, therefore, being compelled knowingly to adopt the beast, ought to choose the fox and the lion; because the lion cannot defend himself against snares and the fox cannot defend himself against wolves.”

    The Prince

Karl Marx

Herman Melville

Mencius

John Stuart Mill

Miyamoto Musashi

Thomas Nagel

Friedrich Nietzsche

Robert Nozick

  • “These people seem to divide almost evenly on the problem.”

    Newcomb's Problem and Two Principles of Choice · quoted under fair use

Thomas Paine

Derek Parfit

Parmenides

  • “That It is, and that it is impossible for it not to be, is the way of belief, for truth is its companion.”

    On Nature

Blaise Pascal

Paul (traditional attribution)

Charles Sanders Peirce

  • “Hypothesis is where we find some very curious circumstance, which would be explained by the supposition that it was a case of a certain general rule, and thereupon adopt that supposition.”

    Deduction, Induction, and Hypothesis
  • “Logicality inexorably requires that our interests shall not be limited. They must not stop at our own fate, but must embrace the whole community...Logic is rooted in the social principle.”

    The Doctrine of Chances
  • “The irritation of doubt is the only immediate motive for the struggle to attain belief. Hence, the sole object of inquiry is the settlement of opinion.”

    The Fixation of Belief
  • “Consider what effects, which might conceivably have practical bearings, we conceive the object of our conception to have. Then, our conception of these effects is the whole of our conception of the object.”

    How to Make Our Ideas Clear

Plato

Plotinus

  • “Beauty for the most part, consists in objects of sight; but it is also received through the ears, by the skilful composition of words, and the consonant proportion of sounds; for in every species of harmony, beauty is to be found.”

    Enneads

Plutarch

  • “The ship became an illustration to philosophers of the doctrine of growth and change, as some argued that it remained the same, and others, that it did not remain the same.”

    Life of Theseus

Karl Popper

  • “Science is not a system of certain, or well established, statements.”

    The Logic of Scientific Discovery · quoted under fair use

W. V. O. Quine

John Rawls

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

  • “The general will is always right and tends to the public advantage; but it does not follow that the deliberations of the people are always equally correct.”

    The Social Contract
  • “Man is born free; and everywhere he is in chains. One thinks himself the master of others, and still remains a greater slave than they.”

    The Social Contract

Josiah Royce

John Ruskin

Bertrand Russell

  • “Consider 'the present King of France is bald.' Here 'the present King of France' has a primary occurrence, and the proposition is false.”

    Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy
  • “For if we cannot be sure of the independent existence of objects, we cannot be sure of the independent existence of other people's bodies, and therefore still less of other people's minds, since we have no grounds for believing in their minds except such as are derived from observing their bodies.”

    The Problems of Philosophy
  • “Form now the assemblage of all classes which are not members of themselves. This is a class: is it a member of itself or not?”

    Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy

Gilbert Ryle

  • “The official doctrine, which hails chiefly from Descartes, is something like this.”

    The Concept of Mind · quoted under fair use

George Santayana

Jean-Paul Sartre

Arthur Schopenhauer

  • “A last trick is to become personal, insulting, rude, as soon as you perceive that your opponent has the upper hand, and that you are going to come off worst.”

    The Art of Controversy
  • “Music is as direct an objectification and copy of the whole will as the world itself...the copy of the will itself, whose objectivity the Ideas are.”

    The World as Will and Idea

John Searle

  • “Syntax by itself is neither constitutive of nor sufficient for semantics.”

    Is the Brain's Mind a Computer Program? · quoted under fair use

Seneca

William Shakespeare

Mary Shelley

Peter Singer

  • “I ought to wade in and pull the child out.”

    Famine, Affluence, and Morality · quoted under fair use

Baruch Spinoza

D. T. Suzuki, quoting the classic Zen formula

  • “A special transmission outside the Scriptures; No dependence upon words and letters; Direct pointing to the soul of man; Seeing into one's nature and the attainment of Buddhahood.”

    Essays in Zen Buddhism, First Series

Jonathan Swift

Alfred Tarski

  • “The sentence 'snow is white' is true if, and only if, snow is white.”

    The Semantic Conception of Truth · quoted under fair use

Henry David Thoreau

  • “I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived.”

    Walden

Leo Tolstoy

  • “Art is a human activity, consisting in this, that one man consciously...hands on to others feelings he has lived through, and that other people are infected by these feelings, and also experience them.”

    What Is Art?

Alan Turing

Voltaire

Oscar Wilde

Bernard Williams

  • “When I first introduced the expression moral luck, I expected to suggest an oxymoron.”

    Moral Luck · quoted under fair use

Ludwig Wittgenstein

Mary Wollstonecraft

Chauncey Wright

  • “A fact is a proposition of which the verification by an appeal to the primary sources of our knowledge or to experience is direct and simple. A theory, on the other hand, if true, has all the characteristics of a fact, except that its verification is possible only by indirect, remote, and difficult means.”

    Philosophical Discussions

C. D. Yonge (translator's note)

  • “The bald one is a kind of Sorites; pulling one hair out of a man's head will not make him bald, nor two, nor three, and so on till every hair in his head is pulled out.”

    Lives of Eminent Philosophers

Zhuangzi

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